AP15473335 «Development and research of ultrasonic method of exhaust gas purification of internal combustion engines of transport equipment» s.w. Sarsembekov B.K.
Research hypothesis – the possibility of purifying exhaust gases due to the action of an ultrasonic emitter located in the muffler of the car and increasing the hydrodynamic coagulation of the exhaust gases of the car’s internal combustion engine.
Relevance research is determined by the lack of such designs and methods for their research.
Purpose the research is to obtain results that allow for the calculation, design of an ultrasonic car muffler and the development of its prototype.
Results:
–A full-size ultrasonic car muffler has been made. The ultrasonic car muffler is made of a polypropylene body with ultrasonic equipment built into it. The experimental ultrasonic muffler consists of: an inlet pipe, a muffler housing, a laser for determining gas density, a 12V rectifier, a temperature sensor, a moisture meter, an ultrasonic generator, an outlet pipe, a longitudinal ultrasonic emitter, a thermometer-hygrometer, a removable tray, a microscope;
– experiments were carried out. Based on the results of bench, laboratory and physical-technical experiments, empirical patterns of the influence of ultrasound on the exhaust gas of transport equipment were determined. In order to establish the pattern of changes in the optimality criterion K from the values of f, ω and the f/ω ratio, experimental studies were carried out on the created ultrasonic automobile muffler. The composition of gases and opacity as a percentage were determined before and after ultrasonic cleaning;
– experimental data on changes in smoke, concentration of harmful emissions due to the use of ultrasound, and coagulation coefficient were obtained. During the experiment, at the first stage, the content of CH, CO, CO2, O2 in the exhaust gas of the car was determined depending on the engine speed (1000, 1200, 1400 rpm) without ultrasound and under the influence of ultrasound at the operating frequencies of the ultrasonic generator 40, 25, 28 kHz. At the second stage of the experiment, the smoke, temperature and humidity inside the muffler, the speed of the exhaust gas, the frequency in the ultrasonic car muffler measured by a frequency meter installed at a distance of 150 mm from the entrance to the muffler, as well as fuel consumption depending on the crankshaft speed of the car’s internal combustion engine were determined;
– dependencies were obtained that make it possible to determine the weight of orthokinetic and hydrodynamic coagulation, the mass of particles deposited in the muffler. In the course of a study on purifying automobile exhaust gas from harmful impurities and soot particles, the weight of orthokinetic and hydrodynamic coagulation was determined through the probability of coagulation depending on the frequency of the ultrasonic generator and the crankshaft speed of the internal combustion engine;
-Theoretical and experimental dependencies have been obtained to determine the effective parameters of an ultrasonic car muffler. Based on the experimental results of changes in the ratio of gas opacity indicators (D1/D2) on the angular speed of rotation of the engine crankshaft at ultrasonic frequencies of 25 kHz, 28 kHz, 40 kHz, dependencies were obtained that make it possible to check and determine the optimal parameters of the ultrasonic muffler.
An experimental study was carried out (Fig. 1). Diagrams of toxicity reduction were constructed, graphs of the dependence of the settled soot mass on the settling distance were constructed, the main patterns of horizontal movement of soot particles were determined, and comparative tables of the mass of settled soot were prepared.
In the course of a study on purification of automobile exhaust gas from harmful impurities and soot particles, the weight of orthokinetic and hydrodynamic coagulation was determined through the probability of coagulation depending on the frequency of the ultrasonic generator and the crankshaft speed of the internal combustion engine.
Research group
1.Sarsembekov Bauyrzhan Koblanovich – scientific supervisor, M.Sc., teacher of the department of TE&LSD.
Hirsch index – 1
Author ID in Scopus:57247269800
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4815-1823
Publications of the scientific supervisor:
– article «Comparison of the efficiency of cleaning the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines of cars with ultrasonic emitters» Authors: Sarsembekov BK, Sinelnikov KA, Suyunbayev Sh.M., Kukesheva AB, Dyussenbayev E.Sh., «Proceedings of the University» Abylkas Saginov KarTU;
– two articles in journals included in the Scopus database with a percentile of more than 50 are being reviewed.
- Kadyrov Adil Suratovich – scientific consultant, M.Sc., professor of the department of TE&LSD
Hirsch index – 7
Researcher ID: W-4738-2018
Author ID in Scopus: 57194507769
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-2300
Scientific consultant publications:
– two articles in journals included in the Scopus database with a percentile of more than 50 are being reviewed.
The expected results are:
– a report and user manual, technical specifications for the design of an ultrasonic automobile muffler for cleaning exhaust gases of internal combustion engines of transport equipment will be generated;
– will be published 2 articles in journals from the first three quartiles by impact factor in the Web of Science database or having a CiteScore percentile in the Scopus database of at least 50;
-1 certificate of registration of rights to an intellectual property object in the Republic of Kazakhstan will be received. Will be servedpatent application «Industrial design».
The results obtained will make it possible to create a scientific and technical direction to create a constructive and production base for the manufacture and implementation of such equipment. In addition, with the development of this area, the scientific, technical and personnel potential of our organization will expand. The developed projects will be transferred to machine-building plants and vehicle fleets («Machine Plant №1», Karaganda, LLP «Bus Park №3», Karaganda) for the manufacture and sale of ultrasonic automobile mufflers.
Information for potential users
ManufacturedFull size ultrasonic car muffler for cleaning car exhaust gas. Theoretical and experimental dependencies have been obtained to determine the effective parameters of an ultrasonic car muffler.
Application area
Transport engineering. Automobile transport.
AR15473207 «Development of technology for manufacturing defect-free homogeneous castings by casting according to gasified models» s.w. Kovaleva T.V.
Relevance: in our country, a number of casting methods are used: casting in sand-clay molds, lost wax casting, and pressure casting. One of the most common and promising methods is gasification casting (GMC). We should strive to reduce the specific consumption of castings for the production of industrial products. The use of casting using gasified models leads to an increase in the geometric and dimensional accuracy of castings, metal consumption is reduced, metal consumption and cost are reduced. The costs of machining in the manufacture of castings using wood-based materials are reduced by approximately 25% or more due to the elimination of complex processing of internal surfaces; In many cases, machining of castings can be eliminated or reduced to a minimum, making casting cleaning easier and faster. The implementation of the project will make it possible to further commercialize the results obtained in production, for example, at the enterprises of Kazakhmys Corporation LLP, KMZ named after LLP. Parkhomenko and others.
Objective of the project: obtaining castings that are dense and homogeneous in composition and structure at low cost with prospects for further commercialization.
Expected results:
– new composition of polystyrene foam gasified model with low cost;
– technology for manufacturing defect-free castings with a dense, homogeneous structure using new technological modes of casting using gasified models;
– receipt of a pilot batch of castings, a process flow chart developed and agreed upon with production representatives, a certificate of testing the technology in an industrial environment.
-the rationale for the optimal choice of smelting modes for castings will be made; the conditions and modes for the production of dense, homogeneous in structure castings using the LGM method were selected; a matrix of experiments was compiled.
The figure shows a model made of complex polystyrene and a casting of «Armor Plate» made of 110G13L steel. (Picture 1)
Figure 1. Polystyrene casting model (a) and «Armor plate» casting (b)
Research group
- Kovaleva Tatyana Viktorovna – scientific supervisor, M.Sc., teacher of the department NMD
ORCID 0000-0002-1186-1805
Researcher ID A-2567-2017
Scopus ID 57211297553
SPIN code: 6151-2800
- Issagulov Aristotle Zeinullinovich – scientific consultant, D.Sc., professor of the department NMD, executive director of the NJSC «Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University».
ORCID 0000-0003-2174-9072
Researcher ID C-7415-2016
Scopus ID 57211295299
SPIN code: 3643-2646
Information for potential users:
The results obtained can be implemented in the procurement shops of machine-building production; the theoretical and practical results of this work can be used in foundries, as well as for educational purposes.